The thyroid gland is a small, butterfly-shaped organ located at the base of the neck. It produces hormones that regulate many essential bodily functions. Thyroid disorders occur when the gland produces too much or too little of these hormones.
Some key facts about thyroid disorders:
- Hypothyroidism is when the thyroid gland does not produce enough hormones. Common symptoms include fatigue, weight gain, feeling cold, and muscle weakness.
- Hyperthyroidism is when the thyroid gland produces excess hormones. Some common symptoms are unexplained weight loss, rapid heartbeat, hand tremors, nervousness, and irritability.
- Hashimoto’s disease is an autoimmune disorder where antibodies attack the thyroid gland, usually leading to hypothyroidism.
- Thyroid disorders are more common in women and risk increases with age.
- Treatment depends on the specific disorder but may include hormone replacement medication, radioactive iodine, or surgery in some cases.
If you suspect you have a
thyroid disorder, get your doctor to check your
TSH level with a simple blood test. This measures your level of Thyroid Stimulating Hormone which indicates thyroid activity.
While thyroid disorders usually cannot be prevented, early detection and treatment can relieve symptoms and prevent long term complications. So if you have unexplained changes in weight, energy levels, or mood it's worth getting your thyroid checked out!
Below I've summarized key information in an easy-to-scan format:
What is the thyroid gland?
- Small, butterfly-shaped gland at base of neck
- Produces hormones that regulate bodily functions
Common thyroid disorders:
- Hypothyroidism
- Hyperthyroidism
- Hashimoto's disease
Who's at risk?
- Women
- Risk increases with age
Diagnosis and treatment:
- Check TSH level with blood test
- Treatment depends on disorder but may include medication, radioiodine, surgery